Cholelithiasis (Gallstones): are hard crystalline structures found in the gall bladder. They are categorised according to their composition into the following three groups: Cholesterol stones, pigment stones and mixed stones.

Clinical History and observations:

   Gallbladder disease usually follows four distinct stages:

1.Lithogenic stage: in which the conditions for formation of gallstones is rife.
2.Asymptomatic stage: Gallstones have developed but do not cause symptoms.
3.Biliary colic stage: Pain is experienced (episodic pain in the right upper quadrant (RUQ) of the abdomen)
4.Complicated Cholelithiasis Stage.

Ultrasonographic appearances:

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